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<h1 class="firstHeading">Discuter:Billy Bragg</h1>
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<h3 id="siteSub">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</h3>
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<p>Modèle:Infobox musical artist</p>
<p><b>Stephen William Bragg</b> (né le <a href="../../../../articles/2/0/_/20_d%C3%A9cembre.html" title="20 décembre">20 décembre</a> <a href="../../../../articles/1/9/5/1957.html" title="1957">1957</a>), connu sous le nom de <b>Billy Bragg</b>, est un musicien <a href="../../../../articles/a/n/g/Angleterre.html" title="Angleterre">anglais</a> renowned for his blend of <a href="../../../../articles/f/o/l/Folk_music.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Folk music">folk</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/p/u/n/Punk-rock.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Punk-rock">punk-rock</a>, and <a href="../../../../articles/p/r/o/Protest_song.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Protest song">protest</a> music, and his lyrics dealing with political as well as romantic themes. He has been active for over 20 years, and has collaborated with many other leading musicians, including <a href="../../../../articles/j/o/h/Johnny_Marr_0c0a.html" title="Johnny Marr">Johnny Marr</a> of <a href="../../../../articles/t/h/e/The_Smiths_5dab.html" title="The Smiths">The Smiths</a>, protest folk singer Leon Rosselson, members of R.E.M., <a href="../../../../articles/m/i/c/Michelle_Shocked_4475.html" title="Michelle Shocked">Michelle Shocked</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/l/e/s/Less_Than_Jake_cf54.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Less Than Jake">Less Than Jake</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/k/i/r/Kirsty_MacColl_0d20.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirsty MacColl">Kirsty MacColl</a>, and <a href="../../../../articles/w/i/l/Wilco.html" title="Wilco">Wilco</a>.</p>
<table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Sommaire">
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<td>
<div id="toctitle">
<h2>Sommaire</h2>
</div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Brief_biography"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Brief biography</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Early_years"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Early years</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Army_career"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Army career</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Solo_musical_career"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Solo musical career</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Woody_Guthrie_collaboration"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Woody Guthrie collaboration</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Tolpuddle"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">Tolpuddle</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Beautiful_Days_Festival_2005"><span class="tocnumber">1.6</span> <span class="toctext">Beautiful Days Festival 2005</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Political_life"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Political life</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Controversy"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Controversy</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#References_in_popular_culture"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References in popular culture</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Parodies"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Parodies</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Songs_referencing_Billy_Bragg"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Songs referencing Billy Bragg</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Street_name"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Street name</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Discography"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Discography</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Albums_and_compilations"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Albums and compilations</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Official_bootlegs"><span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">Official bootlegs</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Singles_and_EPs"><span class="tocnumber">6.3</span> <span class="toctext">Singles and EPs</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Singles"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Singles</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
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<p><a name="Brief_biography" id="Brief_biography"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Brief biography">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Brief biography</span></h2>
<p><a name="Early_years" id="Early_years"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Early years">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Early years</span></h3>
<p>Billy Bragg was born in the county of Essex, en Angleterre that is now part of <a href="../../../../articles/g/r/e/Greater_London_d0dd.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater London">Greater London</a>. He grew up in Barking. Although now living in a small <a href="../../../../articles/v/i/l/Village.html" title="Village">village</a> in <a href="../../../../articles/c/o/m/Comt%C3%A9_de_Dorset_9f62.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Comté de Dorset">Dorset</a>, he is still associated with his <a href="../../../../articles/l/o/n/London.html" class="mw-redirect" title="London">London</a> roots and is sometimes known, jocularly, as "the bard of Barking". Bragg is a self-declared <a href="../../../../articles/w/e/s/West_Ham_United_de19.html" class="mw-redirect" title="West Ham United">West Ham United</a> fan.</p>
<p>Attending a comprehensive school, Bragg had an undistinguished educational career. One source states that he excelled only in English. He left school with few qualifications, but determined to do something with his life. He joined his next-door neighbour, Wiggy, to practice <a href="../../../../articles/g/u/i/Guitar.html" title="Guitar">guitar</a>. They would teach each other new riffs from their widening record collection. Their main influences in the early 1970s were <a href="../../../../articles/t/h/e/The_Faces_3506.html" class="mw-redirect" title="The Faces">The Faces</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/t/h/e/The_Small_Faces_3039.html" class="mw-redirect" title="The Small Faces">The Small Faces</a>, The <a href="../../../../articles/r/o/l/Rolling_Stones_55ad.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolling Stones">Rolling Stones</a> and eventually, <a href="../../../../articles/p/u/n/Punk_rock.html" title="Punk rock">punk</a> (<a href="../../../../articles/t/h/e/The_Clash_8395.html" title="The Clash">The Clash</a> in particular). In 1977 they formed a punk/pub rock band called Riff Raff and toured London's pubs and clubs. The band also practiced in a farm house in <a href="../../../../articles/n/o/r/Northamptonshire.html" title="Northamptonshire">Northamptonshire</a>, and released a series of singles. However these records did not receive wide exposure and the band failed. He also worked for Low Price Records North Street Barking, Essex.</p>
<p><a name="Army_career" id="Army_career"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Army career">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Army career</span></h3>
<p>Following the Riff Raff experience, Bragg became disillusioned with his musical career and joined the <a href="../../../../articles/b/r/i/British_Army_7e21.html" title="British Army">British Army</a> as a trooper in the Queen's Royal Irish Hussars of the Royal Armoured Corps in May 1981. This move turned out very quickly not to be the right one for him, but nevertheless acted as an inspiration for his later work. After completing a one-month physical fitness course in <a href="../../../../articles/s/o/l/Solihull.html" title="Solihull">Solihull</a> and three months basic training at Catterick Garrison in <a href="../../../../articles/y/o/r/Yorkshire.html" title="Yorkshire">Yorkshire</a>, he bought his way out of the army for <a href="../../../../articles/p/o/u/Pound_sterling.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Pound sterling">£</a>175 and returned home to his mother and his music.</p>
<p><a name="Solo_musical_career" id="Solo_musical_career"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Solo musical career">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Solo musical career</span></h3>
<p>Bragg turned to tirelessly gigging (and even busking) around London, performing solo with an electric guitar. His demo tape fell initially on deaf ears, but by pretending to be a television repair man he got into the office of <a href="../../../../articles/c/h/a/Charisma_Records_60cd.html" title="Charisma Records">Charisma Records</a>' A&R man Peter Jenner. Jenner liked the tape, but the company was near bankruptcy and he had no budget to sign new artists. Bragg had an offer to record more demos for a music publisher, so Jenner agreed to put them out as a record with Bragg's industrious gigging as the only promotion. <i>Life's a Riot with Spy Vs. Spy</i> came out on Charisma's new "Utility" imprint in July 1983. The album was widely received as a demonstration of a promising new talent. Hearing DJ <a href="../../../../articles/j/o/h/John_Peel_dd69.html" title="John Peel">John Peel</a> mention on-air that he was hungry, Bragg rushed to the BBC with a mushroom biryani, and was rewarded when Peel played a track from <i>Life's a Riot</i>, albeit at the wrong speed (since the 12" LP was, unconventionally, cut to play at 45rpm). Peel insisted he would have played the track even without the biryani and later played it at the correct speed.</p>
<p>Within months Charisma had been taken over by <a href="../../../../articles/v/i/r/Virgin_Records_4102.html" title="Virgin Records">Virgin Records</a> and Jenner, who had been laid off, became Bragg's manager. A copy of <i>Life's a Riot</i> fell into the hands of former Stiff Records press officer Andy Macdonald, who was setting up his own record label, Go! Discs. He made Virgin an offer and the album was re-released on Go! Discs in November.</p>
<p>In 1984 he released <i>Brewing Up with Billy Bragg</i>, a mixture of political statements ("It Says Here") and songs of unrequited love ("The Saturday Boy"). The following year he put out <i>Between the Wars</i>, an EP of political songs which included a cover version of Leon Rosselson's Diggers anthem "World Turned Upside Down". He later collaborated with Rosselson on the song "Ballad of the Spycatcher". Also in 1985, his song "A New England", with an additional verse, became a top ten hit in the UK for <a href="../../../../articles/k/i/r/Kirsty_MacColl_0d20.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirsty MacColl">Kirsty MacColl</a>. After MacColl's early death, Bragg always sang the extra verse, in her honour. (<i>Back to Basics</i> is a 1987 collection of the first three releases: <i>Life's A Riot With Spy Vs. Spy</i>, <i>Brewing Up with Billy Bragg</i>, and the EP <i>Between The Wars</i>.)</p>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width:182px;"><a href="../../../../articles/t/%C3%A9/l/Special%7ET%C3%A9l%C3%A9chargement_ff77.html" class="new" title="Image:Braggwars1.jpg">Image:Braggwars1.jpg</a>
<div class="thumbcaption">Cover of Bragg's 1985 <i>Between the Wars</i> EP</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>He went on tour abroad. On September 30 <a href="../../../../articles/1/9/8/1985.html" title="1985">1985</a> he was at the "Zeche Bochum", Germany.</p>
<p>In 1986 Bragg released his "difficult third album", <i>Talking with the Taxman about Poetry</i>. Its title is taken from a poem by Russian poet Vladimir Mayakovsky, which was printed in translation on the inner sleeve. <i>Taxman</i> was well received, and with promotion from the single "Levi Stubbs' Tears", gave Bragg his first top ten album.</p>
<p>September 1988 saw the release of his fourth album, <i>Workers Playtime</i>. This was a drastic move for Bragg, dropping his solo guitar for a backing band and accompaniment.</p>
<p>In May 1990, Bragg released a neo-political mini-LP, entitled <i>The Internationale</i>. The songs were, in part, a return to his solo <a href="../../../../articles/g/u/i/Guitar.html" title="Guitar">guitar</a> style but other tracks featured more complicated arrangements, including <a href="../../../../articles/b/r/a/Brass_band.html" title="Brass band">brass bands</a>. The album also paid tribute to one of Bragg's influences in "I Dreamed I Saw <a href="../../../../articles/p/h/i/Phil_Ochs_9da7.html" title="Phil Ochs">Phil Ochs</a> Last Night". This was an adapted version of "<a href="../../../../articles/j/o/e/Joe_Hill_c26e.html#Influence_and_tributes" title="Joe Hill">I Dreamed I Saw Joe Hill Last Night</a>".</p>
<p><i>Don't Try This at Home</i> was released in September 1991 and included his best known hit at the time "Sexuality" which was released as a single and made it into the <a href="../../../../articles/u/k/_/UK_Singles_Chart_3b11.html" title="UK Singles Chart">UK charts</a>. Bragg had been persuaded by Go! Discs bosses Andy and Juliet Macdonald to sign to a new four-album deal with a million pound advance, and to promote the album with singles and videos. This gamble was not rewarded with extra sales, and put the company in difficulty. In exchange for ending the contract and repaying a large amount of the advance, Bragg regained all rights to his back catalogue. Bragg continued to promote the album with his backing band the Red Stars, which included his Riff-Raff colleague and long-time roadie, Wiggy.</p>
<p><a name="Woody_Guthrie_collaboration" id="Woody_Guthrie_collaboration"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Woody Guthrie collaboration">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Woody Guthrie collaboration</span></h3>
<p>It would be five years until the release of his next album, <i>William Bloke</i>, as Bragg took time off from the music business to help look after his young son.</p>
<p>Around the time <i>William Bloke</i> was released, Bragg was asked by Nora Guthrie, daughter of American folk legend <a href="../../../../articles/w/o/o/Woody_Guthrie_66d5.html" title="Woody Guthrie">Woody Guthrie</a>, to set some of her father's unrecorded lyrics to music. The result was a collaboration with the band <a href="../../../../articles/w/i/l/Wilco.html" title="Wilco">Wilco</a> with a contribution from <a href="../../../../articles/n/a/t/Natalie_Merchant_107d.html" title="Natalie Merchant">Natalie Merchant</a> (with whom he had worked previously), released as <i>Mermaid Avenue</i> (1998) and <i>Mermaid Avenue Vol. II</i> (2000). A rift with Wilco over mixing and sequencing of the album led to Bragg recruiting his own band, the Blokes, to promote the album. The Blokes include veteran keyboardist Ian McLagan, a member of Bragg's boyhood heroes <a href="../../../../articles/t/h/e/The_Faces_3506.html" class="mw-redirect" title="The Faces">The Faces</a>.</p>
<p><a name="Tolpuddle" id="Tolpuddle"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Tolpuddle">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Tolpuddle</span></h3>
<p>Bragg often plays and speaks at the Tolpuddle Martyrs festival.</p>
<p><a name="Beautiful_Days_Festival_2005" id="Beautiful_Days_Festival_2005"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Beautiful Days Festival 2005">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Beautiful Days Festival 2005</span></h3>
<p>At the <a href="../../../../articles/2/0/0/2005.html" title="2005">2005</a> Beautiful Days Festival in Devon, Bragg teamed up with the Levellers to perform a short set of songs by <a href="../../../../articles/t/h/e/The_Clash_8395.html" title="The Clash">the Clash</a> in celebration of <a href="../../../../articles/j/o/e/Joe_Strummer_7b63.html" title="Joe Strummer">Joe Strummer</a>'s birthday. Bragg played guitar and supplied lead vocals on <i>Police and Thieves</i> and provided guitar and backing vocals on <i>English Civil War</i> and <i>Police on my Back</i>.</p>
<p><a name="Political_life" id="Political_life"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Political life">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Political life</span></h2>
<p>Billy Bragg has long enjoyed a close relationship with grass-roots political movements and this is often reflected in his original lyrics and music. In between recording music in the studio, Bragg built up a regular following of fans at live performances. Here, his sense of humour is shown in its truest form, allowing himself to ridicule those in power.</p>
<p>Bragg backed the miners' strike of <a href="../../../../articles/1/9/8/1984.html" title="1984">1984</a> and the following year he joined the left-wing promotional tour <i>Red Wedge</i>, which aimed to inform young voters of the Labour Party's policies and discourage them from voting for the Conservative Party during the <a href="../../../../articles/1/9/8/1987.html" title="1987">1987</a> general election.</p>
<p>During the election period he allied himself with <a href="../../../../articles/n/e/i/Neil_Kinnock_6f58.html" title="Neil Kinnock">Neil Kinnock</a> and the Labour Party. Following the defeat of Kinnock and the repeated victory of <a href="../../../../articles/m/a/r/Margaret_Thatcher_2770.html" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> and her Conservative Party government, Bragg joined Charter88 to push for a total reform of the British political system.</p>
<p>During the 1980s he made a few trips to the <a href="../../../../articles/s/o/v/Soviet_Union_ad1f.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> - often as extensions to trips to <a href="../../../../articles/f/i/n/Finland.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Finland">Finland</a> - at that point when President <a href="../../../../articles/g/o/r/Gorbachev.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorbachev">Gorbachev</a> had started to promote <a href="../../../../articles/p/e/r/Perestroika.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Perestroika">perestroika</a> and <a href="../../../../articles/g/l/a/Glasnost.html" title="Glasnost">glasnost</a>. On one occasion he was accompanied by <a href="../../../../articles/m/t/v/MTV_b498.html" class="mw-redirect" title="MTV">MTV</a>, and on another occasion the trip was filmed as a mini documentary by Finnish documentary-maker Hannu Puttonen titled "Mr Bragg Goes to Moscow" (1988). The film shows him prepared to go anywhere, guitar in hand, even to factories, where he was introduced as part of the workers' entertainment as "Western pop music".</p>
<p>Also during the 1980s he promoted both his ideals and music in the <a href="../../../../articles/%C3%A9/t/a/%C3%89tats-Unis_d%27Am%C3%A9rique_2476.html" class="mw-redirect" title="États-Unis d'Amérique">United States</a>. In <a href="../../../../articles/d/a/l/Dallas.html" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/t/e/x/Texas.html" title="Texas">Texas</a> he was interviewed and often featured by George Gimarc on his <i>Rock and Roll Alternative</i> radio programme which originated at the studios of KZEW.</p>
<p>During the 2001 UK general election, Bragg attempted to combat voter apathy by promoting tactical voting in an attempt to unseat <a href="../../../../articles/t/o/r/Tory.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Tory">Tory</a> candidates in <a href="../../../../articles/c/o/m/Comt%C3%A9_de_Dorset_9f62.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Comté de Dorset">Dorset</a>, particularly in Dorset South and West Dorset. At the 2001 election Labour took Dorset South with their smallest majority, and the Conservative majority in West Dorset was reduced; at the 2005 election Labour held Dorset South but Oliver Letwin increased his majority in West Dorset.</p>
<p>Bragg continues to write political songs. To this end he developed an interest in identité nationale <a href="../../../../articles/a/n/g/Angleterre.html" title="Angleterre">anglaise</a> and this was displayed on his <a href="../../../../articles/2/0/0/2002.html" title="2002">2002</a> album with the Blokes, <i>England, Half-English</i>.</p>
<p>The former Prime Minister of New Zealand, <a href="../../../../articles/d/a/v/David_Lange_14c7.html" title="David Lange">David Lange</a>, was also a big fan and attended most of his concerts in New Zealand</p>
<p>In 2004 he collaborated with American <a href="../../../../articles/s/k/a/Ska_punk.html" title="Ska punk">ska punk</a> band <a href="../../../../articles/l/e/s/Less_Than_Jake_cf54.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Less Than Jake">Less Than Jake</a> for a re-recording of their song "The Brightest Bulb Has Burned Out". This was included as the final track on the first <i><a href="../../../../articles/r/o/c/Rock_Against_Bush_cb09.html" title="Rock Against Bush">Rock Against Bush</a></i> album.</p>
<p>In 2006 he published a book, <i>The Progressive Patriot</i>, in which he expanded on an argument he has long defended - namely, that he feels English socialists can reclaim patriotism from the right. He also supports Scottish independence <a href="http://www.billybragg.co.uk/releases/albums/england_half_english/take_down_the_union_jack.html" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.billybragg.co.uk/releases/albums/england_half_english/take_down_the_union_jack.html" rel="nofollow">[1]</a></p>
<p><a name="Controversy" id="Controversy"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Controversy">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Controversy</span></h2>
<p>Bragg has been an outspoken opponent of fascism, racism, bigotry, sexism and homophobia in all manifestations and a supporter of a multi-racial Britain. In response, Bragg has come under attack by the <a href="../../../../articles/b/r/i/British_National_Party_001b.html" class="mw-redirect" title="British National Party">British National Party</a>. In March, 2006 <i>People</i> journalist Garry Bushell (a former Trotskyist who switched allegiances to the English Democrats and a nationalistic position in the nineties) accused Bragg of "pontificating on a South London council estate when we all know he lives in a lovely big house in West Dorset". <a href="http://www.garry-bushell.co.uk/box/index.asp" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.garry-bushell.co.uk/box/index.asp" rel="nofollow">[2]</a></p>
<p>After an article by Jonathan Freedland about Bragg's proposals for a reformed <a href="../../../../articles/h/o/u/House_of_Lords_efb8.html" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>, in <i>The Guardian</i>, February 18, <a href="../../../../articles/2/0/0/2004.html" title="2004">2004</a>, some claimed that Bragg advocates the use of violence to intimidate political opponents, although it is more likely he is being humorous:</p>
<dl>
<dd>"The British National Party would probably make it [into a parliament elected by proportional representation ], too. It would shine a torch into the dirty little corner where the BNP defecate on our democracy, and that would be much more powerful than duffing them up in the street -- which I'm also in favour of." <a href="http://politics.guardian.co.uk/lords/comment/0,9236,1150540,00.html" class="external autonumber" title="http://politics.guardian.co.uk/lords/comment/0,9236,1150540,00.html" rel="nofollow">[3]</a></dd>
</dl>
<p><a name="See_also" id="See_also"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : See also">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">See also</span></h2>
<ul>
<li>Red Wedge – Formed to gain a youth vote to support Neil Kinnock.</li>
<li>Charter88 – Supported by Billy Bragg and formed after the defeat of Neil Kinnock.</li>
<li>George Gimarc – Published author on the era of British punk rock music.</li>
</ul>
<p><a name="References_in_popular_culture" id="References_in_popular_culture"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : References in popular culture">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">References in popular culture</span></h2>
<p><a name="Parodies" id="Parodies"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Parodies">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Parodies</span></h3>
<p>Stand-up comedian Bill Bailey has performed a 'tribute' to Bragg named 'Unisex Chip Shop' on the <i>Bewilderness</i> tour, as well as the song appearing on his studio recording <i>The Ultimate Collection.... Ever!</i> Bragg covered the song himself (with assistance from Bailey) at the 2005 Glastonbury festival, saying that it was 'one of [his] son's favourite Billy Bragg songs'.</p>
<p><a name="Songs_referencing_Billy_Bragg" id="Songs_referencing_Billy_Bragg"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Songs referencing Billy Bragg">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Songs referencing Billy Bragg</span></h3>
<p>"The Wars End" by Rancid on their 1995 album <i><a href="../../../../articles/2E/2E/2E/...And_Out_Come_the_Wolves_4220.html" title="...And Out Come the Wolves">...And Out Come the Wolves</a></i> contains the lines:</p>
<p><i>Little Sammy was a punk rocker/</i> <i>You know his mother never understand him/</i> <i>Went into his room and smashed his Billy Bragg record/</i> <i>Didn't want him to hear that communist lecture.</i></p>
<p>"Lars Frederiksen (Of Rancid) and the bastards" have also covered To Have and Have Not <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lybPuF3HH-0" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lybPuF3HH-0" rel="nofollow">[4]</a></p>
<p>Barcelona band Los Carradine has a song about him entitled “Billy Bragg”.</p>
<p><a name="Street_name" id="Street_name"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Street name">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Street name</span></h3>
<p>Bragg Close, in Dagenham <a href="http://streetmap.co.uk/newmap.srf?x=546670&y=184691&z=1&sv=bragg&st=6&tl=Bragg+Close,+Dagenham,+Essex,+RM8&searchp=newsearch.srf&mapp=newmap.srf" class="external autonumber" title="http://streetmap.co.uk/newmap.srf?x=546670&y=184691&z=1&sv=bragg&st=6&tl=Bragg+Close,+Dagenham,+Essex,+RM8&searchp=newsearch.srf&mapp=newmap.srf" rel="nofollow">[5]</a> is named in his honour <a href="http://www.barking-dagenham.gov.uk/2-citizen/citizen-menu.cfm?ID=1076" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.barking-dagenham.gov.uk/2-citizen/citizen-menu.cfm?ID=1076" rel="nofollow">[6]</a></p>
<p><a name="Discography" id="Discography"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Discography">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Discography</span></h2>
<p><a name="Albums_and_compilations" id="Albums_and_compilations"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Albums and compilations">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Albums and compilations</span></h3>
<ul>
<li><i>Life's a Riot with Spy Vs. Spy</i> (May 1983)</li>
<li><i>Brewing Up with Billy Bragg</i> (November 1984)</li>
<li><i>Talking with the Taxman about Poetry</i> (September 1986)</li>
<li><i>Back to Basics</i> (June 1987)</li>
<li><i>The Peel Sessions</i> (June 1987)</li>
<li><i>Workers Playtime</i> (September 1988)</li>
<li><i>The Internationale</i> (May 1990)</li>
<li><i>The Peel Sessions</i> (1991)</li>
<li><i>Don't Try This at Home</i> (September 1991)</li>
<li><i>Victim of Geography</i> (November 1993)</li>
<li><i>William Bloke</i> (September 1996)</li>
<li><i>Bloke on Bloke</i> (1997)</li>
<li><i>Mermaid Avenue</i> (with <a href="../../../../articles/w/i/l/Wilco.html" title="Wilco">Wilco</a>) (June 1998)</li>
<li><i>Reaching to the Converted</i> (August 1999)</li>
<li><i>Mermaid Avenue Vol. II</i> (with Wilco) (May 2000)</li>
<li><i>England, Half English</i> (March 2002)</li>
<li><i>Must I Paint You a Picture? The Essential Billy Bragg</i> (October 2003) (a <a href="../../../../articles/d/o/u/Double_album.html" title="Double album">double CD</a> compilation of "greatest hits" was released on Cooking Vinyl, with a limited edition B-sides and rarities compilation)</li>
<li><i>Volume 1 (Box Set)</i> (March 2006)</li>
<li><i>Volume 2 (Box Set)</i> (October 2006)</li>
</ul>
<p><a name="Official_bootlegs" id="Official_bootlegs"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Official bootlegs">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Official bootlegs</span></h3>
<ul>
<li><i>No Pop, No Style, Strictly Roots</i> (1995)</li>
<li><i>Mermaid Avenue Tour</i> (1999)</li>
<li><i>Going to a Party Way Down South</i> (2002)</li>
<li><i>Tell Us the Truth: The Live Concert Recording</i> (with <a href="../../../../articles/s/t/e/Steve_Earle_e64f.html" title="Steve Earle">Steve Earle</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/m/i/k/Mike_Mills_0223.html" title="Mike Mills">Mike Mills</a>, Lester Chambers, Jill Sobule, Boots Riley, and <a href="../../../../articles/t/o/m/Tom_Morello_9d19.html" title="Tom Morello">Tom Morello</a>/<a href="../../../../articles/t/h/e/The_Nightwatchman_fc98.html" class="mw-redirect" title="The Nightwatchman">The Nightwatchman</a>) (October 2004)</li>
<li><i>Live at the Barbican</i> (web-only <a href="../../../../articles/m/p/3/Mp3.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Mp3">mp3</a> album 2005, CD 2006)</li>
</ul>
<p><a name="Singles_and_EPs" id="Singles_and_EPs"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Singles and EPs">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Singles and EPs</span></h3>
<ul>
<li>"A New England" (January 1985)</li>
<li>"Between the Wars" EP (February 1985)</li>
<li>"Days Like These" (December 1985)</li>
<li>"Levi Stubbs' Tears" (June 1986)</li>
<li>"Greetings to the New Brunette" (November 1986)</li>
<li>"Help Save the Youth of America" (April 1988)</li>
<li>"She's Leaving Home" (May 1988)</li>
<li>"The Great Leap Forward" (August 1988)</li>
<li>"She's Got A New Spell" (November 1988)</li>
<li>"Sexuality" (June 1991)</li>
<li>"You Woke Up My Neighbourhood" (August 1991)</li>
<li>"Accident Waiting to Happen" (Red Star Version) (February 1992)</li>
<li>"Accident Waiting to Happen" (Live Version) (February 1992)</li>
<li>"Upfield" (1996)</li>
<li>"The Boy Done Good"/"Sugardaddy" (May 1997)</li>
<li>"Way Over Yonder in the Minor Key" (with <a href="../../../../articles/w/i/l/Wilco.html" title="Wilco">Wilco</a>) (1998)</li>
<li><i>She Came Along to Me</i> EP (with Wilco) (1998)</li>
<li>"England, Half English"/"St. Monday" (February 2002)</li>
<li>"Take Down the Union Jack" (May 2002)</li>
<li>"The Price of Oil" 2002 <a href="http://www.billybragg.co.uk/releases/miscellaneous/price_of_oil.html" class="external text" title="http://www.billybragg.co.uk/releases/miscellaneous/price_of_oil.html" rel="nofollow">Lyrics</a> <a href="http://www.billybragg.co.uk/acatalog/Digital_Downloads.html" class="external text" title="http://www.billybragg.co.uk/acatalog/Digital_Downloads.html" rel="nofollow">Free Download</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a name="Singles" id="Singles"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : Singles">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Singles</span></h2>
<table class="wikitable">
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><b>Year</b></td>
<td rowspan="2"><b>Title</b></td>
<td colspan="4"><b>Chart positions</b></td>
<td rowspan="2"><b>Album</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U.S. <a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Billboard_Hot_100_a584.html" title="Billboard Hot 100">Hot 100</a></td>
<td>U.S. Modern Rock</td>
<td>U.S. Mainstream Rock</td>
<td><a href="../../../../articles/u/k/_/UK_Singles_Chart_3b11.html" title="UK Singles Chart">UK</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1985</td>
<td>"Between The Wars"</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#15</td>
<td><i>Between The Wars EP</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1985</td>
<td>"Days Like These"</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#43</td>
<td><i>Days Like These EP</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1986</td>
<td>"Levi Stubbs' Tears"</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#29</td>
<td><i>Talking with the Taxman about Poetry</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1986</td>
<td>"Greetings To The New Brunette"</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#58</td>
<td><i>Talking with the Taxman about Poetry</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1988</td>
<td>"She's Leaving Home" (w/ Cara Tivey)</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#1</td>
<td><i>single</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1988</td>
<td>"Waiting for the Great Leap Forwards"</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#20</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#52</td>
<td><i>Workers Playtime</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1988</td>
<td>"She's Got a New Spell"</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#16</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td><i>Workers Playtime</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1989</td>
<td>"Won't Talk About It"</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#29</td>
<td><i>single</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1991</td>
<td>"Sexuality"</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#2</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#27</td>
<td><i>Don't Try This at Home</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1991</td>
<td>"You Woke Up My Neighbourhood"</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#16</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#54</td>
<td><i>Don't Try This at Home</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1992</td>
<td>"Accident Waiting To Happen"</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#33</td>
<td><i>Accident Waiting To Happen EP</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1996</td>
<td>"Upfield"</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#46</td>
<td><i>William Bloke</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1997</td>
<td>"The Boy Done Good"/"Sugardaddy"</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#55</td>
<td><i>Bloke On Bloke</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2002</td>
<td>"Take Down The Union Jack"</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#22</td>
<td><i>England, Half English</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2005</td>
<td>"We Laughed" (with Rosetta Life)</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>#11</td>
<td><i>Single</i></td>
</tr>
</table>
<ul>
<li>"She's Leaving Home" was a double A-Side along with <a href="../../../../articles/w/e/t/Wet_Wet_Wet_80e9.html" title="Wet Wet Wet">Wet Wet Wet</a>'s "With A Little Help From My Friends"</li>
</ul>
<p><a name="References" id="References"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : References">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">References</span></h2>
<ul>
<li>Andrew Collins; <i>Still Suitable for Miners (Billy Bragg: The Official Biography)</i>; Virgin Books; <a href="../../../../articles/o/u/v/Special%7EOuvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_0753506912_7cf0.html" class="internal">ISBN 0-7535-0691-2</a> (Revised and Updated edition, 2002; Revised and Updated edition, published 2007)</li>
<li>Billy Bragg, <i>The Progressive Patriot: A Search for Belonging</i> (London: Bantam Press, 2006) <a href="../../../../articles/o/u/v/Special%7EOuvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_9780593053430_9235.html" class="internal">ISBN 978-0-593-05343-0</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a name="External_links" id="External_links"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/l/Discuter%7EBilly_Bragg_15bf.html" title="Modifier la section : External links">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">External links</span></h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.tls.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,25336-2576802,00.html" class="external text" title="http://www.tls.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,25336-2576802,00.html" rel="nofollow">"New Englands"</a> by Bhikhu Parekh, <a href="http://www.the-tls.co.uk" class="external text" title="http://www.the-tls.co.uk" rel="nofollow">TLS</a>, February 2nd, 2007</li>
<li><a href="http://www.billybragg.co.uk" class="external text" title="http://www.billybragg.co.uk" rel="nofollow">Official site</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.billybragg.co.uk/wordpress" class="external text" title="http://www.billybragg.co.uk/wordpress" rel="nofollow">Bragg's own Road Blog</a></li>
<li><a href="http://braggtopia.com" class="external text" title="http://braggtopia.com" rel="nofollow">Braggtopia</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.musictowers.com/features/ViewArticle1795.aspx" class="external text" title="http://www.musictowers.com/features/ViewArticle1795.aspx" rel="nofollow">Billy Bragg Interview on Music Towers</a></li>
<li>Waraich, Omar. <a href="http://www.redpepper.org.uk/brit/x-may2005-bragg.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.redpepper.org.uk/brit/x-may2005-bragg.htm" rel="nofollow"><i>Rockin' the vote: Billy Bragg for Blair?</i></a>. Red Pepper May 2005</li>
<li><a href="http://www.photoboxgallery.com/177936/640145" class="external text" title="http://www.photoboxgallery.com/177936/640145" rel="nofollow">Images of Billy in The 1980's</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/BillyBragg" class="external text" title="http://www.archive.org/details/BillyBragg" rel="nofollow">Billy Bragg collection</a> at the <a href="../../../../articles/i/n/t/Internet_Archive_a5d5.html" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>'s live music archive</li>
<li><a href="http://www.secondarymandate.org" class="external text" title="http://www.secondarymandate.org" rel="nofollow">The Secondary Mandate</a></li>
<li>Modèle:Last.fm</li>
</ul>
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