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<h1 class="firstHeading">Portail:Biologie marine</h1>
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<h3 id="siteSub">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</h3>
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<p>Ce portail est dédié à la <a href="../../../../articles/b/i/o/Biologie_marine.html" title="Biologie marine">biologie marine</a>, science de la vie dans les <a href="../../../../articles/o/c/%C3%A9/Oc%C3%A9an.html" title="Océan">océans</a> du globe. Elle comprend les <a href="../../../../articles/m/i/c/Microorganisme.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Microorganisme">microorganismes</a> (<a href="../../../../articles/e/u/b/Eubact%C3%A9rie.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Eubactérie">Eubactéries</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/a/r/c/Arch%C3%A9obact%C3%A9rie.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Archéobactérie">archéobactéries</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/v/i/r/Virus.html" title="Virus">virus</a>...) les végétaux (<a href="../../../../articles/a/l/g/Algue_rouge.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Algue rouge">Algues rouges</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/a/l/g/Algue_verte.html" title="Algue verte">vertes</a> et <a href="../../../../articles/a/l/g/Algue_brune.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Algue brune">brunes</a>; <a href="../../../../articles/a/l/i/Alismatales.html" title="Alismatales">Alismatales</a>) et les animaux (<a href="../../../../articles/p/o/r/Porif%C3%A8re.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Porifère">Porifères</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/c/n/i/Cnidaire.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Cnidaire">cnidaires</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/%C3%A9/c/h/%C3%89chinoderme.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Échinoderme">échinodermes</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/p/o/i/Poisson.html" title="Poisson">poissons</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/m/a/m/Mammif%C3%A8re_marin.html" title="Mammifère marin">mammifères marins</a>... entre autres).</p>
<p>C'est dans l'océan que se trouve la plus grande <a href="../../../../articles/d/i/v/Diversit%C3%A9_biologique.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Diversité biologique">diversité biologique</a>, bien plus que sur la terre ferme ; et c'est de l'océan qu'est née la vie, permettant de créer le monde comme nous le connaissons aujourd'hui.</p>
<p>Les formes de vie dans les océans sont tellement complexes et diversifiées que bon nombre d'espèces restent à découvrir ; de plus, l'action humaine (<a href="../../../../articles/p/o/l/Pollution.html" title="Pollution">pollution</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/s/u/r/Surp%C3%AAche.html" title="Surpêche">surpêche</a>...) met en danger la vie marine, d'où l'importance de préserver ces <a href="../../../../articles/%C3%A9/c/o/%C3%89cosyst%C3%A8me.html" title="Écosystème">écosystèmes</a> uniques.</p>
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<p><font size="1">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/o/Portail%7EBiologie_marine_Lumi%C3%A8re_sur_41db.html" title="Portail:Biologie marine/Lumière sur">modifier</a>] </font></p>
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<h2 style="background-color:#0080FF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; margin:0px 0px 5px 0px; padding:5px 3px 5px 3em; font-size:120%;">Lumière sur...</h2>
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<p>En général, on désigne par <b><a href="../../../../articles/f/a/u/Faune_abyssale.html" title="Faune abyssale">faune abyssale</a></b> toutes les espèces <a href="../../../../articles/a/n/i/Animal.html" title="Animal">animales</a> <a href="../../../../articles/m/a/r/Marin.html" title="Marin">marines</a> vivant à partir de 200 mètres de profondeur et au delà, à partir de la <a href="../../../../articles/z/o/n/Zone_aphotique.html" title="Zone aphotique">zone aphotique</a>, (Zone mésale, <a href="../../../../articles/t/a/l/Talus_continental.html" title="Talus continental">zone bathyale</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/p/l/a/Plaine_abyssale.html" title="Plaine abyssale">zone abyssale</a> et <a href="../../../../articles/z/o/n/Zone_hadale.html" title="Zone hadale">zone hadale</a>) où la <a href="../../../../articles/p/h/o/Photosynth%C3%A8se.html" title="Photosynthèse">photosynthèse</a> ne peut plus avoir lieu. En ces lieux ou la lumière est insuffisante pour le développement des végétaux, seuls la vie animale, ainsi que les <a href="../../../../articles/m/i/c/Microorganisme.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Microorganisme">microorganismes</a> non végétaux, (<a href="../../../../articles/e/u/b/Eubact%C3%A9rie.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Eubactérie">Eubactéries</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/a/r/c/Arch%C3%A9obact%C3%A9rie.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Archéobactérie">archéobactéries</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/v/i/r/Virus.html" title="Virus">virus</a>... etc) peuvent y vivre et s'y adapter.</p>
<p>Les organismes vivants dans la zone aphotique se sont adaptés à la vie des grandes profondeurs, en trouvant des solutions diverses et originales pour subsister dans des milieux de luminosité faible ou inexistante, de basses températures, des fortes pressions et d'apports en nourriture rares.</p>
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<h2 style="background-color:#0080FF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; margin:0px 0px 5px 0px; padding:5px 3px 5px 3em; font-size:120%;">Arret sur image</h2>
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<center>Une pélagie (<i><a href="../../../../articles/p/e/l/Pelagia_noctiluca.html" title="Pelagia noctiluca">Pelagia noctiluca</a></i>) dans une flaque de la côte sud de la <a href="../../../../articles/s/a/r/Sardaigne.html" title="Sardaigne">Sardaigne</a>.</center>
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<div style="padding-left:4px; padding-right:4px; vertical-align:top;"><a name="Foraminif.C3.A8res" id="Foraminif.C3.A8res"></a>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/o/Portail%7EBiologie_marine_Index_738a.html" title="Portail:Biologie marine/Index">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="../../../../articles/f/o/r/Foraminif%C3%A8re.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Foraminifère">Foraminifères</a></span></h3>
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<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/o/Portail%7EBiologie_marine_Index_738a.html" title="Portail:Biologie marine/Index">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="../../../../articles/c/n/i/Cnidaire.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Cnidaire">Cnidaires</a> (<a href="../../../../articles/m/%C3%A9/d/M%C3%A9duse.html" title="Méduse">Méduses</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/a/c/t/Actinie.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Actinie">actinies</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/c/o/r/Coraux.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Coraux">coraux</a>...)</span></h3>
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<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/o/Portail%7EBiologie_marine_Index_738a.html" title="Portail:Biologie marine/Index">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="../../../../articles/m/o/l/Mollusque.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Mollusque">Mollusques</a> (<a href="../../../../articles/c/%C3%A9/p/C%C3%A9phalopode.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Céphalopode">Céphalopodes</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/g/a/s/Gast%C3%A9ropode.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Gastéropode">gastéropodes</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/b/i/v/Bivalve.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Bivalve">bivalves</a>)</span></h3>
<div class="floatright"><span><a href="../../../../articles/s/c/a/Image%7EScallop_eyes.jpg_e47f.html" class="image" title="Scallop eyes.jpg"><img alt="" src="../../../../images/shared/thumb/4/4c/Scallop_eyes.jpg/100px-Scallop_eyes.jpg" width="100" height="64" border="0" /></a></span></div>
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<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/o/Portail%7EBiologie_marine_Index_738a.html" title="Portail:Biologie marine/Index">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="../../../../articles/a/r/t/Arthropode.html" title="Arthropode">Arthropodes</a> (<a href="../../../../articles/c/r/u/Crustac%C3%A9.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Crustacé">Crustacés</a>...)</span></h3>
<div class="floatright"><span><a href="../../../../articles/l/o/b/Image%7ELobster.jpg_65fe.html" class="image" title="Lobster.jpg"><img alt="" src="../../../../images/shared/thumb/5/5e/Lobster.jpg/100px-Lobster.jpg" width="100" height="66" border="0" /></a></span></div>
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<a name="Echinodermes_.28Ast.C3.A9ries.2C_ophiures.2C_oursins.2C_holothuries.2C_crino.C3.AFdes.29" id="Echinodermes_.28Ast.C3.A9ries.2C_ophiures.2C_oursins.2C_holothuries.2C_crino.C3.AFdes.29"></a>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/o/Portail%7EBiologie_marine_Index_738a.html" title="Portail:Biologie marine/Index">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="../../../../articles/e/c/h/Echinoderme.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Echinoderme">Echinodermes</a> (<a href="../../../../articles/a/s/t/Ast%C3%A9rie.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Astérie">Astéries</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/o/p/h/Ophiure.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Ophiure">ophiures</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/o/u/r/Oursin.html" title="Oursin">oursins</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/h/o/l/Holothurie.html" title="Holothurie">holothuries</a>, <a href="../../../../articles/c/r/i/Crino%C3%AFde.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Crinoïde">crinoïdes</a>)</span></h3>
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<a name="Vers_annell.C3.A9s_.28Annelida.29.2C_comprenant_les_polych.C3.A8tes" id="Vers_annell.C3.A9s_.28Annelida.29.2C_comprenant_les_polych.C3.A8tes"></a>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/o/Portail%7EBiologie_marine_Index_738a.html" title="Portail:Biologie marine/Index">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Vers annellés (<a href="../../../../articles/a/n/n/Annelida.html" title="Annelida">Annelida</a>), comprenant les <a href="../../../../articles/p/o/l/Polych%C3%A8te.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Polychète">polychètes</a></span></h3>
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<a name="Autres_phylums_de_vers" id="Autres_phylums_de_vers"></a>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/o/Portail%7EBiologie_marine_Index_738a.html" title="Portail:Biologie marine/Index">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Autres <a href="../../../../articles/p/h/y/Phylum.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Phylum">phylums</a> de <a href="../../../../articles/v/e/r/Ver.html" title="Ver">vers</a></span></h3>
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<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/o/Portail%7EBiologie_marine_Index_738a.html" title="Portail:Biologie marine/Index">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Vers plats (<a href="../../../../articles/p/l/a/Platyhelminthes.html" title="Platyhelminthes">Platyhelminthes</a>)</span></h3>
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<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/o/Portail%7EBiologie_marine_Index_738a.html" title="Portail:Biologie marine/Index">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="../../../../articles/p/h/o/Phoronidien.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoronidien">Phoronidiens</a></span></h3>
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<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../../articles/b/i/o/Portail%7EBiologie_marine_Index_738a.html" title="Portail:Biologie marine/Index">modifier</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="../../../../articles/b/r/a/Brachiopode.html" class="mw-redirect" title="Brachiopode">Brachiopodes</a></span></h3>
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